The dissolution of the blocs in 1990 triggered a fundamental change in the international security situation: new types of threats emerged, along with new ways to address them. Lisa Bender finds her starting point in the observation that neutrality, as a phenomenon of security policy, seems to fundamentally oppose these new paths. She counters the prevailing static understanding of the concept in the literature by arguing that neutrality has always adapted to changing historical conditions, such as the organization of the state and the form of conflict resolution. Against this backdrop, she develops an object-oriented approach to inquire about new and altered meanings of neutrality, thus exploring the question of what neutrality is today. Through grounded theory, she generates a theory from the perspective of the actors involved.