The book "Optimal Control of Distributed Systems with Conjugation Conditions" offers a comprehensive analysis of optimal control in distributed systems, particularly concerning ecological challenges and the efficient use of resources. It addresses the complex interactions between various processes occurring in nature, such as the movement of fluids, the generation of temperature fields, and the mechanical deformation of multi-component media. The authors, Ivan V. Sergienko and Vasyl S. Deineka, highlight the significance of heterogeneous regions and their impact on these processes, especially regarding thin inclusions and cracks in the soil. These aspects are crucial for developing sustainable solutions in environmental engineering and mining. The book is aimed at professionals and researchers engaged in the optimization of natural resources and the analysis of complex systems.