Small-scale fisheries are a major source of food and employment around the world. Yet, many small-scale fishermen work in conditions that are neither safe nor secure. Millions of them are poor, and often they are socially and politically marginalized. Macro-economic and institutional mechanisms are essential to address these poverty and vulnerability problems; however, interventions at the local community level are also necessary. This requires a deep understanding of what poverty means to the fishermen, their families, and communities; how they cope with it; and the challenges they face to increase resiliency and improve their lives for the better. This book provides a global perspective, situating small-scale fisheries within the broad academic discourse on poverty, fisheries management, and development. In-depth case studies from fifteen countries in Latin America, Europe, South and Southeast Asia are included.