In recent years, single nucleotide polymorphisms have received increased attention in the rapidly developing field of personalized medicine and drug treatment. Comprising more than eighty percent of all known polymorphisms, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are primarily responsible for phenotypic differences between individuals and have been suggested to affect the development of diseases in humans, as well as the response to drug treatment and environmental stress. In "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition," expert researchers explore the latest advances in this area, highlighting the substantial progress made in SNP genotyping, examining recent developments in high-throughput genotyping approaches, and exploring our new understanding of the impact of SNPs on gene function. Chapters address the impact of SNPs on phenotype.