Scientific insights and practical recommendations for clinical practice. Many studies point to the positive effects of sports and physical activity in the prevention of cancer. Research findings also demonstrate favorable impacts for tumor patients. For example, individually tailored exercise training reduces symptoms related to illness and therapy, improves mental well-being, and significantly contributes to enhancing quality of life. This work competently describes the latest scientific findings, state-of-the-art recommendations, perspectives, and current limitations. Numerous topics, many questions, many answers - medical fundamentals and epidemiology - prevention and rehabilitation - important current studies and their results - strength and endurance training, sensorimotor skills - interactions and particularities.