The World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2009 took place from September 7 to 12 in Munich, Germany, and provided a significant platform for the exchange of scientific knowledge in the fields of medical physics and biomedical engineering. Organized by the International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine (IUPESM), this event featured over 2,800 presentations, making it the largest conference of its kind in 2009. The congress offered professionals from research, industry, and medical applications the opportunity to discuss current developments and innovative technologies that have the potential to revolutionize diagnostics and therapy in healthcare. Topics included, among others, information and communication technologies, micro and nanosystems, as well as biotechnology. The congress served as an interdisciplinary platform to evaluate the benefits of new technologies for medical practice and to discuss their impact on the quality of patient care.