Over the past 25 years, a subspecialization in the field of neurology has led to largely independent disciplines of neurology, psychiatry, and psychotherapeutic medicine. While there are many benefits to this specialization, primarily rooted in the different examination and treatment methods as well as the enormous increase in knowledge in the neurosciences, there is a risk that common aspects may be neglected. Particularly noteworthy is the area of organic psychosyndromes, which are referred to as organic mental disorders in the diagnostic manuals now used worldwide, such as the DSM-IV and ICD-10. In the USA, which often plays a pioneering role in the development of science, there has been a growing recognition in recent years—partly due to the understanding that a significant portion of financial expenditures for medical treatments is being allocated to this area.