Positioning therapy is establishing itself as an evidence-based method for the prevention or treatment of severe pulmonary dysfunctions in intensive care medicine. Prone positioning (with modifications), continuous lateral rotation therapy, or upper body elevation often show impressive effects on pulmonary gas exchange. However, such measures also require good team preparation, routine application, and professional management of positioning-associated complications. This practical book uniquely combines the clinical pathophysiology of impaired lung function with the corresponding approaches of positioning therapy. Additionally, it includes the short version of the S2 guideline "Positioning Therapy for the Prevention or Treatment of Pulmonary Dysfunction," along with valuable tips for preparation and implementation, as well as warnings about potential pitfalls.