With its 150-year history, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is one of the oldest and most active humanitarian organizations, especially in times of war. The invaluable assistance provided by the ICRC to millions of wounded and prisoners of war during World War II is beyond doubt; however, the organization's silence regarding the Holocaust has been criticized to this day. This criticism, among other factors, led to a severe institutional crisis for the prestigious Geneva organization in the early post-war years. Amid this deep image crisis, the ICRC simultaneously assisted war criminals in escaping. Figures like Adolf Eichmann and many other perpetrators were able to evade justice with new or old identities and documents from the Red Cross. In this book, Gerald Steinacher outlines the organization's stance towards the Nazi regime, the background of its silence, and the reasons behind it.