History is omnipresent in all media and many exhibitions - it is booming. But what exactly is it that we so casually refer to as "history"? Building on theoretical problems in the philosophy of science and critically distancing itself from postmodern constructivist theses, this monograph outlines the foundations of an analytical metaphysics of history: What is the nature of historical events? What transforms a causally and temporally structured occurrence into a history? How can we do justice to the fact that historical reality is a social reality? In answering these questions, a theory of action approach is pursued, which includes the analysis of social and collective action. The intentional agent, a central assertion, is not a powerless victim but the subject of their own history.