Suppose Karl Marx had published "Capital" and no one had taken notice. Suppose instead of Marx, Gabriel Tarde and his "Psychologie Economique" from 1902 had taken his place. How would the 20th century have unfolded? And what would the economy look like today? With this thought experiment, Bruno Latour and Vincent Lépinay open their fiery essay, in which they design an alternative political economy. A fundamental part of Bruno Latour's project for a "new sociology for a new society" has always been to subject the history of sociological theory and its classics to a thorough re-reading. Together with economist Vincent Lépinay, he now tackles the history of economics. Perhaps it is not the production relations, the "base," that shape the economy and the...