The prosecution of piracy remains an unresolved issue three years after the start of international naval operations off the coast of Somalia. This paper examines alternatives for the short-term establishment of an international court for piracy off Somalia and proposes an ad hoc tribunal based on a resolution from the UN Security Council. Despite the high number of cases, piracy off Somalia accounts for only about half of all piracy cases registered worldwide. Therefore, alternatives for the long-term establishment of a permanent court for piracy are also explored. This includes the establishment of a piracy division at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and a reform of piracy law, among other things, by introducing an international legal definition of piracy as a substantive basis for its jurisdiction.