The book provides an overview of the scientific foundations of nanotechnology and the economic potential of its applications. As a downside to this promising development, the risks associated with nanotechnology processes and products are presented. The lack of scientific as well as insurance-related experience with nanotechnology encounters a high risk potential. In the further development of corresponding industrial liability insurance products and in the calculation of premiums, it is not possible to rely on past figures; rather, future expectations must be the sole basis. The analysis examines the challenges that are to be expected regarding the known General Terms and Conditions of industrial liability insurance, particularly in relation to operational liability, product liability, and environmental liability insurance.