Technical inventions by companies or individual inventors require a patent application in order to economically exploit the protected invention for a specific period and to exclude third parties from doing so. The work aims to present problems encountered during a patent application from the perspective of the legitimate applicant, as well as to highlight the potential of the applied-for intellectual property for them. To this end, potential difficulties of a material and formal nature that may arise throughout the entire national application process were identified, which were subsequently complemented by the positive effects of a patent application and finally by the possibilities for application at the international level.