The handbook provides an overview of approaches, methods, and fields of study within historical technology anthropology. This includes fundamental concepts, the diversity of technologized images of humanity, technologized practices, as well as the technologization of senses and competencies. Important representatives of technology anthropology since the early modern period are also presented. With an interdisciplinary approach, the handbook systematically and historically addresses various problematizations of humans and machines that are particularly relevant today. Central to this examination is the classical anthropological question of "humanity" in its various forms and transformations in relation to technology. This perspective does not assume a unique, unchanging essence of humanity, but rather investigates the historical changes of humans through and with technology.