The digitization of all areas of life is changing our societies as radically as the industrial revolution did 200 years ago: Internet companies are securing control over entire industries; surveillance programs are calling into question the right to informational self-determination. And when Google CEO Eric Schmidt writes that the company knows where we are and can more or less say what we are thinking, the darkest predictions of science fiction become a reality. In light of this historical challenge, Martin Schulz, the President of the European Parliament, made a combative appeal in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung in February 2014. Since then, numerous prominent figures from business, science, and politics have participated in the discussion initiated by Schulz. This volume contains the contributions to this long-overdue debate.