The study addresses the question of how the Catholic Church dealt with those of its believers who were declared "Jews" by the Nazis and persecuted for "racial" reasons. At the center is the "Aid Organization at the Bishop's Ordinariate Berlin," which was supposed to care for this group of people. Jana Leichsenring concludes that the assistance remained stuck in spiritual care and aimed more at the afterlife than at the present life. The aid organization did not consider saving lives to be its task, even though the German bishops had accurate information about the persecution of Jews and the deportations.