The effects of traffic structure on application and network performance is a technical book that focuses on the development and optimization of internet applications in a rapidly changing digital landscape. Over the past three decades, the rapid growth of the internet has led to the emergence of new applications in areas such as mobile computing, digital music, online video, gaming, and social networks. These applications are heavily dependent on various network protocols and mechanisms that enable and enhance their functionality on the internet. The book provides valuable insights and tools for maximizing network efficiency and presents groundbreaking research that will influence the future development of these applications. It covers both fundamental concepts of traffic generation and extensive empirical research for testing and evaluating network protocols and applications in laboratory environments. This work is aimed at professionals in the field of networking as well as advanced students and researchers in computer science and engineering.