"The Mathematics of Paul Erdös II" is a comprehensive collection that documents the mathematical work of the legendary mathematician Paul Erdös (1913-1996). This two-volume edition offers deep insights into the various research areas that Erdös influenced throughout his career. With over 1000 pages, this work is the result of intensive collaboration among leading mathematicians, presenting both high-level research articles and foundational overview articles on the central themes of Erdös' work. The collection is enhanced by a special section on his early years, rare photographs, and artworks associated with Erdös. A standout feature is the extensive bibliography of his publications, which is the most comprehensive of its kind. This new edition, published in celebration of Paul Erdös' 100th birthday, includes updated articles, new contributions from prominent mathematicians, as well as additional biographical information about Erdös and an updated list of his publications.