Measuring and classifying are constructive elements of science. They are among the guarantors of objectivity. However, science is, like any other human activity, action within society. The numbers and results produced by science are also expressions of contemporary culture. Furthermore, they reflect the biases of the scientists. The measurement of human intelligence began with literal skull measurements in the 19th century and has progressed to measuring the intelligence quotient. This modern commodification of intelligence leads to a subtle, all-encompassing, and erroneous assessment based on race, class, and society: the differences between people are primarily attributed to their genetic makeup, with biological endowment being seen as destiny. Gould exposes the cardinal error of this theory.