This volume brings together previously unpublished historical and systematic essays by the author on methods and foundational problems of scientific theory formation. It is consistently assumed that scientific theories should be transformed into a stepwise justified structure. Since such a structure particularly requires a justified construction of scientific languages, special attention is given to a linguistic-philosophical critique of science. Kambartel's scientific-theoretical ideas also consistently presuppose a practical-philosophical foundation for scientific justification. A corresponding understanding of justification and legitimization is developed in critical distinction from decisionist and subjectivist solutions.