Thermodynamics and statistical physics extend far beyond the realm of physics and explain an almost inexhaustible array of complex phenomena in our environment based on simple fundamental principles. Although the historical roots of thermodynamics can be traced back to a better understanding of heat engines, from steam engines to gasoline engines and modern gas turbines, it has also allowed for crucial initial steps into quantum theory and, in recent decades, provided deep insights into the physics of black holes as a step towards a theory of quantum gravity. Methods of statistical physics are essential foundations in solid-state physics, modern biophysics, and climate research, as well as in seemingly unrelated fields like financial mathematics and transportation research.