Heidelberg's landmark, the Heidelberg Castle, is undoubtedly one of the most famous buildings in the world and, along with the historic old town, is a sought-after destination for tourists. There is hardly another city in Germany that can boast such a large number of cultural monuments of high quality. Cultural monuments shape our cities and landscapes and are important points of identification. Often, we are not even consciously aware of them. Yet they surround us every day. Monuments are testimonies of long-gone times, such as remnants of prehistoric or Roman settlements, or they reflect the significance of Heidelberg as a residence city, like the castle and the exemplary reconstruction of the Baroque old town. The population growth in the 19th century, which transformed villages into urban residential areas, showcases the special architectural historical qualities.