The banking environment is characterized by high competitive pressure, declining margins in a low-interest-rate environment, and intense regulation. Banks often attempt to stabilize profits by taking on increased risks. This tension requires a conscious engagement with the creation, measurement, and management of financial risks. Treasurers and risk controllers must meet internal and regulatory requirements, set the right incentives through transfer pricing, and manage the structure of the balance sheet with a forward-looking approach. The authors highlight the importance of financial risk management from a banking strategy perspective, discuss the organizational integration of treasury and risk controlling, and present appropriate risk measurement methods and risk management strategies comprehensively. An overall overview of the role, mandate, and design possibilities is provided.