Applied mathematics is a central connecting link between scientific observations and their theoretical interpretation. Nonlinear analysis has contributed major developments that shape the face of applied mathematics today. At the beginning of the millennium, all sciences are expanding at an increased speed. Technological, ecological, economic, and medical problem solving is a central issue in every modern society. Mathematical models help to expose fundamental structures hidden in these problems and serve as unifying tools to deepen our understanding. What are the new challenges applied mathematics has to face with the increased diversity of scientific problems? In which direction should the classical tools of nonlinear analysis be further developed? How do new available technologies influence the development of the field? How can problems be solved that have been beyond reach?.