The textbook provides a comprehensible and academically sound introduction to the history and religious history of ancient Israel, the literary history and theology of the Old Testament, as well as the methods of Old Testament scholarship. It takes into account the various upheavals within the research in recent years and makes an effort for the first time to synthesize new research positions. In this way, the book offers the information essential for a deeper understanding of the Old Testament in preparation for intermediate exams and final examinations, in church and school practice, and beyond, for any appropriate engagement with the Old Testament.