The volume presents texts related to the political, cultural, and religious environment of the writings of the New Testament in German translation. These are supplemented by information on important figures and events, as well as references to further literature. It is a fundamental collection of sources for the study of the texts of the New Testament. This work is in the tradition of the source collection published by Charles Kingsley Barrett in 1956. The new edition is based on the latest findings in theological research. The texts published in German translation illuminate the literary, religious, and cultural context of the New Testament.