André Leroi-Gourhan (August 25, 1911 in Paris; February 19, 1986 there) was a French archaeologist, paleontologist, paleoanthropologist, and anthropologist. He made significant contributions to the art styles of the Upper Paleolithic, which he divided into four stylistic periods. Cave painting is a genre of rock art that was applied to the walls of caves or shelters. Cave paintings are referred to as art pariétal (French for wall-related art, from Latin paries = wall) or parietal art. The European cave paintings date back to the Upper Paleolithic and were created by anatomically modern humans (Cro-Magnon man).