When children live with mentally ill parents, they are at an increased risk of developing a mental illness themselves. The potentially highly vulnerable children have parents who suffer from psychosis, depression, alcohol addiction, or a personality disorder. In recent years, these children have garnered significant interest from clinicians and researchers to prevent mental illnesses through early detection. This perspective has expanded from focusing solely on harmful risk factors to also considering resources and health-promoting factors (resilience). Prominent examples such as Jane Fonda and René Magritte, who grew up with mentally ill mothers, illustrate how profoundly this aspect is embedded in their biographies and how successfully or unsuccessfully they were able to cope with it. The book provides an overview of the clinical developments in this field.