This book familiarizes readers with the fundamentals of modern lightning protection. Lightning protection refers to the totality of protective measures aimed at reducing physical damage and life hazards in a building (lightning protection system), as well as minimizing the failure of electrical and electronic systems within a structure (surge protection). Based on a brief description of the physics and damage effects of lightning discharge, the structure, content, and requirements of the standard series DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305) are presented in detail. Part 1 "General Principles" and Part 2 "Risk Management" of the standard are explained in an understandable manner, while Part 3 "Protection of Buildings and Persons" constitutes the most extensive section. The contents of the standard parts are elaborated in detail, with numerous practical examples illustrating the concepts and showing possible solutions for implementation.