The triad of terms that give this book its title must be understood as a three-step process: from simplicity, which is to be understood as parasitic in a philosophical sense, through the difference in duality to radical democratic diversity. Kurt Röttgers traces the connection between simplicity, duality, and diversity—not least through their fundamental figure, the fold—and thus provides a socio-philosophical interpretation of our current situation. The book begins in the first chapter with a reflection on the simplistic thinking of unity. This only recognizes the methodically regulated transition from a starting point to an end. It must postulate a unity of the world, knowledge, and ethics. However, this implies that the uniqueness of unity can only exist parasitically. The reflection of unity in itself then already generates the duality of unity and the knowledge of unity. Ontologically, this appears as a fundamental duality. This duality is unfolded in various forms in the second chapter: as a clash of opinions, as a critical difference of discourses, as a speaking and its contradiction, as well as in originals and their translations and poetic otherness. Thus, duality already manifests itself beyond the ontological foundation as a diversity of dualities. However, if—thirdly—diversity is not to appear as a colorful arbitrariness, then a self-organizing plurality emerges in a togetherness, as it already takes shape in the symphilosophizing of the early Romantics or in the Être-en commun of postmodernity: in a togetherness in the plural between the communicative text. The three-step process from simplicity through duality to diversity can also be represented, as the book shows, as a three-step process from egoism through dialogism to commonality in plurality—or historically from modernity through late modernity to postmodernity.