The presentation and conception of this book have emerged from the accompanying materials of an introductory lecture on "Physical Chemistry" at the Technical University of Dortmund. Additionally, the selection of topics has been expanded to cover several areas, making it suitable for approximately six semesters of training in Physical Chemistry (the physical-chemical component of the Bachelor's degree program in Chemistry). The aim of the book is to establish a solid, mathematically grounded foundation for advanced and specialized education in this field. In addition to the macroscopic, phenomenological description, the molecular theoretical interpretation of concepts and laws plays a central role, while also addressing important aspects of the quantum mechanical representation of molecular properties. The content includes states of matter, thermodynamics, the structure of matter, and statistics.