No other mathematical sub-discipline has transformed the thought patterns of economics and social sciences and the methods of biology as much as game theory has. The realm of strategic calculation is so closely intertwined with logical paradoxes, philosophical questions, and literary parables that successful teaching and learning of game-theoretical concepts can only be achieved through the interplay between a mathematically oriented presentation and the illustrative application of the formal apparatus to economic, political, social, and population dynamics conflict situations. With an exemplary synthesis of a mathematical textbook and popular science content, the aim is to spark and foster students' interest in the fascinating interdisciplinary facets of game theory.