Economics is often misunderstood as a discipline that is only concerned with understanding markets or legitimizing certain market outcomes. In reality, modern economics offers a method for an unbiased understanding of societies in general: both in markets and in politics, in cities, on streets, or on the internet. This text serves as an introduction to this method. On one hand, it presents a variety of different applications of this method, while on the other hand, it highlights the parallels between them. Numerous subheadings, cross-references, and spatially illustrative diagrams are intended to assist readers who are less interested in the formal approach and more focused on the essence of this method.