Scientific and educational policy discourses have been characterized for some time by oppositions that exist within the tension between increasing standardization and de-standardization. These dynamics, which particularly define education systems and institutions, are embedded in a growing pluralization of individual educational biographies. This anthology examines the effects of these processes on the reproduction and transformation of social educational inequality. The tension between standardization and de-standardization is analyzed from macro, meso, and micro-analytical perspectives, as well as across various fields of education: overarching dynamics at the level of educational structures and educational pathways are of particular interest.