One can observe modern society from objective perspectives and encounter the differentiation of functions. One can also examine it from social perspectives and find stratification, collectivities, and distribution structures. Additionally, one can investigate it in terms of spatial dimensions and then come across the reciprocal observation relationships of places and perspectives. In this modern classic of systems theory, modern society is explored in terms of its temporal order and dynamics. One then encounters the simultaneity of all the previously mentioned dimensions: the simultaneity of functions, layers, collectivities, and spaces, as well as the problem of their synchronization. Alongside a social-theoretical elaboration of a sociological theory of time, this study also presents a design of one.