This introduction explains why the topic of "consumption" has repeatedly experienced ambivalent assessments. It begins with a historical overview that outlines the path to a consumer society. Following this, certain controversies are explored in depth, such as: How urgent are our needs, and is there really a permanently satisfied consumer? Does social background influence purchasing decisions and product usage, or is consumer behavior hardly predictable anymore? Can advertising direct our attention in a specific direction? What can we learn about the orientation in consumer markets from the example of fashion and the spread of new products? Thus, the focus is on the presentation and analysis of various consumption phenomena. In addition to the main chapters, example texts are included that illuminate individual aspects.