In recent years, the scientific study of religion has significantly increased. However, researchers often lack the necessary methodological tools for this purpose. This textbook aims to address this gap. It introduces methodological premises and the practical application of established social science methods, relating them to the specific characteristics of religion as a research subject. The research process and a wide range of qualitative and quantitative social research methods are briefly presented, illustrated, and explained through exemplary studies. All the methods discussed are explained in terms of their applicability, and their advantages and disadvantages, potentials, and limitations are discussed.