Success regions like Silicon Valley have drawn the attention of economic policymakers to entrepreneurship activities as a source of economic growth. Since the 1990s, a new economic policy aimed at promoting entrepreneurship activities has been emerging across countries. This book examines, on one hand, the causes for the shift in economic policy that is reflected in the emergence of entrepreneurship policy. On the other hand, it identifies determinants that can explain differences in the orientation and economic significance of entrepreneurship policy. The main influencing factors identified are the labor market and the influence of entrepreneurial interest groups.