Social inequalities in health persist into old age. Andreas Mergenthaler explores how health inequalities in later life can be reduced. A central concept is health resilience: it refers to individuals in lower socioeconomic status groups who age in good health despite the associated risks. Based on the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), the author investigates the extent to which social capital or health lifestyles promote adaptation to socioeconomic health risks among older individuals from lower status groups. The findings highlight approaches that can be used to improve the health status of these groups and thus reduce the health gap.