Throughout its short history, there has been much varied debate worldwide regarding the political assessment and regulatory needs of the internet. Various topics have repeatedly been brought to the forefront, such as the digital divide, net neutrality, cybercrime, and data protection. Different actors have engaged in these discussions and represented their interests. This introduction systematically outlines the relevant areas of action, the key actors at international, regional, and national levels, as well as the regulations that have been implemented and the regulatory needs that are currently emerging or anticipated in the future, illustrated with case studies. In doing so, it also makes a fundamental contribution to the ongoing globalization of media-digital communication.