The book includes an analysis of economically relevant gender differences, supported by empirical studies on the Austrian situation, as well as the possibilities for change from an economic-feminist perspective. The starting point and problem statement are the existence and, above all, the persistence of gender gaps observable on many levels, along with the aspect of discrimination inherent in them. For a number of such differences in the labor market (income, employment, working hours, career progression) and for the gender gap in care, it is demonstrated how the asymmetric division of labor between the sexes is (re)produced, what explanatory approaches are offered by mainstream economics as well as the broader perspective of feminist economics, and finally how equality policies can create and utilize opportunities for change.