Numerous international conflicts provoke irritation and debate over an appropriate response to global political challenges. This book addresses the contemporary historical background of global political order concepts and some pressing international conflicts. It explores the reasons for the striking and persistent increase in nation-states over the past 200 years, the failed ideas of socialist internationalism, and the widespread skepticism regarding the possibilities of a lasting world peace order. The resurgence of the question of guilt for World War I, the revival of geopolitical thinking, and the collisions between religious communities are also discussed. Specifically, individual international conflicts are examined in detail: the rebellion in several Arab countries.