This textbook introduces sociological theory according to Talcott Parsons. It presents six selected sociological theoretical approaches based on Parsons: conflict theory, social criticism, the interpretive paradigm, systems theory, rational choice theory, and finally structuralism. Each approach is characterized by important arguments, concepts, and considerations. This volume complements the sociological classics presented in the first volume, providing a comprehensive introduction to sociological theories. From a didactic perspective, this volume is structured similarly to the first: bookmarks, reading tips, cross-references, key points, exercises, a glossary, examples, and references to further literature facilitate effective engagement.