This established technical book provides the reader with concise information about the current technological state of the specific heat treatment processes of nitriding and nitrocarburizing. After presenting the formation, structure, and microstructure of nitrided layers, their properties are described in terms of practical application: improvement of wear resistance, strength, and corrosion behavior. The currently most important industrially applied processes, gas and plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing, as well as salt bath nitrocarburizing, along with the necessary treatment media and the process and plant technology, are introduced. For practical application, there are guidelines for process selection, pre- and post-treatment, nitridability, ways to avoid typical errors, and application examples. A presentation of the procedures for drawing specifications and the testing methods relevant for quality control completes the work.