A highly relevant book in today's Europe about the relationship of Jews to their history, focusing on remembering, hoping, and forgetting. The understanding and self-understanding of Judaism are inextricably linked to a millennia-old religious tradition as well as a history marked by exile and displacement. Yerushalmi addresses five interconnected themes: the similarities and differences between the two major European catastrophes of Judaism (the Spanish expulsion and the Holocaust), the significance of exile and displacement in Jewish history, Judaism between the Cross and the Crescent, that is, the Sephardic diaspora around the Mediterranean, and the Jewish historiographical key categories of remembering and forgetting. Finally, the title essay addresses a fundamental problem of Jewish history: How can a history trauma spanning over two thousand years be integrated into a 'Jewish history of hope,' which Yerushalmi sees himself as representing?.