Over 70 years later, the urgent question arises of how historical understanding and political-ethical orientation can be substantively linked. The culture of history in Germany has changed dramatically over the past 30 years. The preservation of the memory of the Holocaust is part of the state’s raison d'être in the Federal Republic. Many long-suppressed concentration camps have become institutionalized memorial sites. With the memorial site concept established in 1999, the federal government is involved in coming to terms with the Nazi past as well as the GDR communism. However, there is an unmistakable trend to reduce history and historical consciousness to mere remembrance and to regard this as the golden path to education in democracy and human rights. In contrast, this volume assumes that neither individual nor historical remembrance automatically serves this purpose.