The state of the debates surrounding the future school in Austria indicates that it will be characterized by a new performance- and competence-oriented teaching and learning culture. This dissertation compares the characteristics of competence-oriented teaching with good teaching and relates them to each other. The focus is on the teachers and their handling of the demands for competence-oriented teaching. The study investigates what strategies and conditions educators need for the planning and implementation of competence-oriented teaching. In this context, the needs of the teachers are examined in detail and linked to the area of professional development. In which content areas is there the greatest need for further training? What characteristics should professional development programs have, considering the heterogeneous teaching staff? By answering such questions, it can be...