The title of the volume "Narratives as Cultural Heritage - Cultural Heritage as Narrative" signals a dual interest of international folkloristic narrative research in the relevant activities of UNESCO in the field of intangible cultural heritage. Selected case studies explore the question of what it means theoretically for culture when narratives are declared as heritage. What longings, claims, interests, and also consequences—looking both at the past and the present—are caused by and accompany corresponding processes of "heritification"? A series of contributions poses the question in the opposite direction. From a narrative theoretical perspective, the authors examine to what extent the discourse on cultural heritage can and must be read as a narrative in the postmodern sense.