In German-occupied Italy, between 1943 and 1945, more than 70,000 people fell victim to the partisan war, including about 10,000 civilians who were killed in massacres and executions by the occupiers. These events have left a deep imprint on the collective memory of post-war Italy. The author, who worked as an expert in war crimes trials for a decade, systematically presents the actions of the German occupying forces in this book, based on a wide range of sources. Several war crimes that have come to light through recent trials, such as those in Sant Anna di Stazzema, Civitella in Val di Chiana, and Marzabotto, as well as their perpetrators, are examined in a factual and nuanced manner.